Historical and modern structures, artifacts, and sites represent important parts of the world’s shared cultural legacy. From bridges and sacred buildings to sculptures and monuments to urban and rural settlements, cultural heritage comprises a staggering range of our societies’ engineering, scientific, economic, artistic, and sociopolitical milestones. Yet historic structures and sites are increasingly vulnerable to environmental threats and policy-driven challenges. Multidisciplinary analysis that combines engineering and the humanities can reveal how cultural heritage can be preserved, enhanced, or repurposed to serve as an inspiration for future generations and contribute to the overall understanding of sustainability, resilience, and well-being of societies, both physical and spiritual.